Quick Facts
- Type
- Aerodynamic Concept
- Definition
- The angle between a wing's chord line and the relative wind
- Used By
- Pilots, Engineers
Definition#
Angle of attack (AOA) is the angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the direction of the oncoming relative wind. It is the single most important variable in determining how much lift a wing produces.
Why It Matters Operationally#
Increasing the angle of attack increases lift — up to the critical angle of attack, beyond which the wing stalls. Pilots must manage AOA during takeoff, climb, maneuvering, and approach. AOA indicators are increasingly standard in cockpits.
Common Misunderstandings#
- AOA is not the same as pitch attitude. An aircraft can stall at any pitch attitude if the critical AOA is exceeded.
- AOA is measured relative to the relative wind, not the horizon.
Related Guides#
- What Is a Stall?
- How Airplanes Fly — The Complete Aviation Fundamentals Guide
- Control Surfaces Explained (Ailerons, Rudder, Elevator)
- Induced vs Parasite Drag
- Density Altitude Explained